We woke up with our packed bags ready for the home stretch of the trip(literally). We ate breakfast in the lobby and headed for our private bus that was taking us to the airport where we came to find our plane out of Barcelona was delayed. We sat in the airport and waited until we were able to board the plane for Atlanta where we will have a connecting flight to Charleston. I relaxed in the Delta Sky Club while I waited for my late flight to Charleston and can finally arrive back home where I can share the countless memories I have made with everyone.

We woke up early in Valencia to say farewell to this beautiful city as we headed to the train station at 8am to catch a train to Madrid. We arrived at the train station to find our train was delayed 20 minutes which will come to be a problem later. The train arrives and I catch up on some reading summaries for my professors. We arrive in Madrid(behind schedule) which led to us in a rush  looking for our gate to Barcelona to catch the next train. We narrowly make it on, a close call but it was exhilarating.  I continue on the summaries until we arrive in Barcelona where we took a taxi to our hotel and got ready for our class session on the summary of the trip. It was a great trip for my first international experience. I am glad I got to go with professors I knew and have had classes with before and build a stronger relationship with them outside of the classroom. They had prepared me with the knowledge to be able to engage in the visits and ask relevant questions to the real world application of the material I had learned previously.I am thankful for my classmates and how well we all got along and worked together. It had some bumps in the road as some of my fellow classmates shared however I was happy to experience these obstacles and turn them into challenges I have never seen before. After our class we got ready for Cent Onze, a farewell dinner with everyone where we laughed and shared one last meal before we left in the morning. I went to bed and was ready for our flight back to Charleston in the morning.

After a fun and relaxing weekend in Ibiza, we wake up from our hotel and hop into taxis to visit Raminatrans, a logistics company known for their freight and transportation services. We visited their office and was given a tour by a man named Luis. We were then given a tour of the warehouse where they have a vast variety of products stored inside. It was organized and structured well, being able to find whatever item you were looking for in seconds. They even have a refrigerated warehouse with plans to create a freezer warehouse in the surrounding area. It was interesting to see how much inventory that was in the warehouse. After our visit we went to lunch as a group to Pata Negra. It was ok, nothing I’d go back for but was a nice rest during the day. We returned to the hotel and I began catching up on some assignments and getting ready for our train ride back to Barcelona and our farewell dinner tomorrow.

Notes from today:

Day 12 –

Luis

Logistics operator that works with port of Valencia

Receiving containers and unload and stock for mid-long period of time

First warehouse in logistic chain

• sent from here to another warehouse where that goes to final customer
• Buffer warehouse

Paper stored, used for newspaper of Valencia

Appliances stored here as well

One of the biggest companies in Spain that import from china

Opened a local office in China

Manages 5 million containers from port of Valencia

24 tons max per load net

42 tons with truck

30 coil rolls per TEU

70,000 square meters warehouse

40,000 covered

OAEA – authorized economic operator

Quality level that customs determines companies can show trustibility

When you bring a container

• customs will release your goods
• Customs will require confirmation of documents before release
• Customs will search the container to see if contents match description

Yadea 18,000 motorbikes per year

Holds motorbikes for retailers

• fit bikes and mount them to add parts needed for sale
• Loaded onto a special truck and sent to retailer

Logistics is to adapt to what the customer asks for

Retailer paying for the one with their stuff in warehouse

80-90% capacity

Store outside and calculate capacity for 200 containers

At limit during pandemic

Samsung TVs

• produced in Slovakia
• Shipped to Morocco

Bilbao

Train transportation more sustainable

Rail is not as fast as truck

They break down big pallets into smaller batches to comply with regulations

There is a limit that automation cannot cover.

70 person staff

30 trucks, 30 drivers

20 office

20 forklift

To import containers originally

Start making warehouses

Main problem

• Having a lot of products means having to use spaces differently
• Having to deal with customs
• Process in this warehouse hard to improve based on space

28 special containers

250 transports everything is good

Contract when lower on orders

We woke up and got ready for our tour of the Port of Valencia. We were given a private bus today instead of the metro which was a nice change of pace. The Port of Valencia is a compact port with over 30 quay cranes that makes it the biggest container terminal in Spain. It is the 4th in the EU and handles about 12-14 ships per day. After our visit we got our bags and headed to the airport for our weekend trip to Ibiza. Looking forward to this weekend and our visit on Monday!

Notes for today:

Day9

Ports of València are Public

New terminal expansion for MSC

• MSC MAERSK split will affect MAERSK as they don’t have any room to expand at the port of València and MSC is creating an additional terminal for themselves

30 to 60 quay cranes

Upgrading 2 rails to 4 rails

Originated in 1563

Spanish Port System

• 28 Port authorities

Subsidiaries

• Gandia
• Sagunto

8 plants

14000 capacity of cars

Valencia is only 7h away

Tanger(Africa) new growing port

12-14 ships per day, 24-48h turnaround time

EU depends on Asia, 45%

24,000 TEU vessel can be docked in Valencia port

Piraeus is in Chinese hands and has passed València

Dry Ports

• Madrid
• Zaragozà

60% of containers in Madrid coke through València

Automobile trains

• reducing logistics cost

Sustainability

• Electrified power station
• Power plant expansion

Tourists can’t access city center from the current terminal

Capacity will be almost doubled when new terminal is added

Control Charts for Valencia port as lean tool

• organized, needs flow of containers measured

We woke up in our new home València ready to start the morning with a presentation at Fundación Valenciaport. Mark was our speaker and he gave some insight on the port of València and 2 smaller ones, Gandia and Sangunto. They all operate under the same umbrella. Valencia’s port is the most volume in Spain and 4th in Europe container wise. We also got a presentation from Yolanda from Opentop, an innovative network working to make ports more efficient and sustainable. Valencia is on this network and are expanding to outside of Spain to make the entire destination work along SMART hubs. After our presentations we took a taxi to Fum de Llum where we had a great lunch and got to try paella for the first time. We took the metro after back to the hotel and had some free time to catch up on some homework and do some laundry for the weekend ahead.

Notes from report:

Fundación Valenciaport

Mark

Puertos del Estado – public body in charge of implementation of Spanish port systems

28 port authorities

46 ports

In charge of Valencia, Gandia, Sagunto

5.6m TEU

Port organized by company in container terminals

New northern terminal

Job creation: 5,000 new jobs

Energy self sufficient terminal aligned with 2030 zero emission goal

Sagunto

• One of the major areas for ceramic and gas

75.47% of traffic that goes through València is container traffic

40% import/export traffic

In container traffic:

• 27th global ranking
• 4th in European
• 1st in Spain

Mixed gate/Hub

China is top destination for exports from Valencia

China is top origin for imports from Valencia

More connectivity is better for competition

3 main alliances

• 2M
• Ocean alliance
• The alliance

Area of influence resides half of the Spanish population generates 55% of population

Madrid is the dry port of València

3 railway corridors & reefer train services

Sustainability: Zero net emissions by 2030

Valencia is top ports for trying to be pro zero emissions in Europe.

Thal location located outside as a logistics park where goods are held

New slide show

Who we are

• center for applied research, innovation, and Training
• Initiative of Port Authority of València bringing together key companies, Universidades.

What we do

• R&D&I projects aimed at enhancing the competitiveness of companies and institutions in the sector.

Consortium

• 692 courses
• 250 teachers
• 22,448 teachers

Works with all vessels and types of ships

Knowledge areas

• Port-maritime market
• Port logistics

Port planning & management solutions

• provide port solutions to other ports

Projects:

iTerminals

• shows maintenance
• Productivity charts
• Gives info on how efficient it is

Green C sports

• environment platform
• Camera that measures emissions from ships
• Biggest challenge has been measuring the amount of gas rather than a percentage

H2Ports

• starting to use hydrogen to power ports

PRAETORIAN

• project on security

ASIGNAT

• transport companies receive transport orders
• To create an automatic scheduling platform for drivers

HERIT-DATA

• Sustainable heritage management
• Cruise ships
• Monitor tourism flows

Digital transformation

CMA CGM- Green Terminal

• audit of port to make them a greener terminal

Needs, Analysis and Benchmarking, Market, Innovation, Project organziation, coordination management, solutions development, pilotage.

New slide show

Open top

• getting companies from outside of the port to work with companies inside the port.
• Safer, smarter, more sustainable ports

Innovation hub of a leading port

• 1st innovation port in Spain
• Build network of ports
• Connects startups and tech companies with the port sector

We are lab(startup)

Metric_ (metaverse of a port)

Boluda(startup)

Mtanner@fundación.valenciaport.com

The day started bright and early with us bringing our bags to the train station and saying farewell to Barcelona and hello to València. We arrived at the train station at 7:30am to board our train to Madrid. The ride was comfortable and got there in no time. The train from Madrid to València wasn’t as pleasant with a terrible smell in the cabin. We get to València and make way for our hotel. After check in I got some homework done and headed out with the group to visit Ciudad de las artes y las ciencias, the architecture that brought tourists to València. The visit was very cool and got some pictures to capture the moment. Our group headed to dinner without the professors at Le Foyale to have a final meal before we start a new week in a new city.

After a very nice and refreshing dinner last night we woke up at 7:00am to get ready for our visit to the Port of Barcelona. I was the directions guy today so I led the group across the city to our lecture. We got a lesson from one of the directors of their schools program where he talked about the port’s Strategic vision in the coming years. I learned what a SMART logistics hub and the plans Barcelona and the EU have for the future of sustainability in the coming years. This was very helpful as I’m currently focused on green emissions and cleaner supply chains and transports. After our lecture we went on a boat tour around the port showing where different commodities are stored and got some awesome videos! Definitely a different experience seeing everything close up than in photos or in the textbook. After that I led the group to lunch where we ate very well. I might have to give it the best meal I’ve had here yet! The group is in need of a siesta but no time to rest as we are headed to Operinator for another lecture this afternoon. The lecture with Carlos was about his freight forwarding operation and his extensive presence in the world marketplace. Their company is always hiring new talent which I could be interested in the near future. We left after we were given sandwiches and headed out to dinner for our last night in Barcelona and an early train to Valencia tomorrow!

Notes from visit:

Barcelona, logistics hub for Europe & Mediterranean Strategic vision

Build breakwaters to protect waters inside to operate vessels inside

How we manage the ports and who is the owner?

• the owner of the land is the state
• Managing the land is a government agency

Categories of port

• Tool port: port is owner of land and equipment in the port
• Land lore port: port owns the land but port gives authority to others

Ports mission

• create added value for surrounding economy
• Increase competitiveness to users
• Provide better logistics solutions

By sustainable growth(economic, social, environment)

Strategic plan 2021-2025

• smart logistics hub. Smart, multimodal, agile, resilient, transparent

50% of container and roro docks electrified or in progress(environment)

Environment

Energy transition

• development of a new energy model
• Decarbonization of port activity
• Reduction in pollution
• Increase of intermodality

Environmental sustainability

• onshore power supply
• When vessel is in port, they don’t use their diesel generators they use electric ones in port.
• INMO modified carbon sector, reduced objectives, bringing it from 2050 to 2030.
• Carbonization and environment in USA r
• ECCA zones
• Mediterrtian soon to become ecca zone
• ECA zones force better standards

LNG- bet on LNG for mobility

• Algeria and Morocco cut LNG in south
• Europe gets its gas from USA
• Fracking, forbidden in Europe

Rebates for Green Ships

Electrical Mobility for Cars

Renewable energy program: solar, wind

The green deal

Cruise ship in Europe has batteries, uses no energy in port and operates on batteries

Next generation of vessels

Increase of intermodality

• Motorways of the sea

Comprehensive network of channels

Maritime dimension of this network

Containerization of trailers

• Railway Motorways
• Railway

New standard A400, special trailer that supports transport across intermodal means

Railway

• Spanish Raul market share 4.7%

Keep an eye on railway sector to use force suppliers to use rail

Clinker – way to transport concrete

Hutchinson semi automatic terminal, Chinese company

Blue economy

Cruise sector

European leader cruise port

Traffic facts

71 million tons

3.5m containers

Lot of cars coming from china

Lot of LNG coming through Barcelona

New pipeline that can be put in needs to be able to transport hydrogen

Demand is high in Barcelona and not enough space

Vertical integration, MAERSK, own APM terminal

600 kilos for the new

Cranesbke semi trailers

MODALE

Nicrasa

Richstacker

Monday started with a great nights rest. We woke up and had an early breakfast where I was greeted by my professors at breakfast and got ready to head to Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona for a Logistics Management course. His name was Albert and he had a very good presentation on transports and how goods move through Europe. He talked about the current challenges in Supply chain that include Raw materials shortages, inflation, and digital transformation. After we left the lecture we went to lunch at La Pepa where the food was ok, probably wouldn’t go back there. We returned from lunch via metro and had a class session with Dr. Gonzalez on the lean process and what to prepare for tomorrow. Time to buckle down and get some assignments done and have yet another productive tomorrow.

Notes from visit:

Albert Logistics Management

-4 main parts: Supply chain, storage, distribution, transports

-Types of transports: road, rail, air, sea.

Road and Sea most important today

-90% of transport is sea travel

-Logistics is all the processes on movement of goods. Careful organization of complicated activity so it happens Inca successful and effective way.

• Objective: to plan and coordinate all activity at lowest possible cost. Purpose of logistics is to satisfy customers movement of goods in the marketplace.
• Switching from just in time to just in case.

7 R’s:

• Right time. Days to hours
• Right place. DCs to stores becoming DCs
• Right price. Importance to pay for convenience.
• Right product. Make to transport into wider scope of products being shipped together.
• Right quantity. Pallets to eaches
• Right customer. Business2Business to D2C
• Right condition. Important to Perfect

Eaches is picking unities in a product

Future of Logistics Video free documentary

• Find solutions to problems based off of tons of data to make adjustments.
• Logistics started in the military to organize battles.
• Geopolitical change causing adjustments in supply chain.
• DHL distribution center coordinates movement of parcels each night to get packages where they need to go.
• By delivering by bike they save emissions from multiple vans and reduce their carbon footprint.
• Bikes make delivering packages faster than vans in city centers.
• Top trends: AI, smart sensors, collaborative robotics, drones.
• Zero waste emission and latency across all processes
• EU has tried to make sustainability a requirement. Reduce dependence on air and road travel and increase train and sea travel.

Amazon warehouse video:

• Deep Learning AI
• Mecalux

Transports: Road

• Advanatges:

Less investment

Less risk of damage

Door to door service

Transports

• you can tell the economy of a country from its transports
• Global transport 70%-90% of frieght
• EU transport 50% road transport, 33% EU transport

Types of ships

• bulk carrier 45%
• Oil tanker 28%
• Container ship
• Chemical tanker
• LNG (natural gas) ship
• VLCC
• Roro
• General cargo
• Livestock ship

Supply chain challenges in 2023

• raising freight prices
• Raw materials shortage
• Congestion at Ports
• Inflation
• Digital transformation
• Supply chain ESG
• Demand forecasting

Climate change problem is transportation. Electric switch to oil

Andon

Technology is great but labor is important if there is a problem.

Sustainability

Air is 560g of co2 by transporting one ton of good per kilometer

On this fine Saturday in Barcelona, we woke up from our night out late in the morning and went to a local cafe for some café. After we got ready for a beautiful park visit. We went and enjoyed our time, exploring more and more of Barcelona each day. After we took a nice rest and got ready for dinner with Nik, Elizabeth, and Mae. We went to a club after to explore more of Barcelona nightlife.