Taija Williams

taija

The Penn Center is a National Historic Landmark District that was established 150 years ago on St. Helena Island in Beaufort, South Carolina. It started with the Port Royal Experiment, which was an experiment lead to detect if Negro slaves were capable of learning and could be educated. The Port Royal Experiment would then turn into the first school for enslaved people and then to freedmen. Penn School was founded in 1862; the first educators of the institution would be Laura M. Towne and Ellen Murray, later companied by Charlotte Forten.

On February 26, 2013 I had the chance to walk the grounds of Penn Center which was an amazingly, overwhelming feeling. Prior to this trip I was not aware of the existence of the institution. My mother would always tell me, such as the great Frederick Douglas would agree, “you have to understand your history to deal with the present.” As I walked the grounds of the campus I could only imagine what it would have been like. Of course it had to have been exciting, a joyous institution, maybe an intimidating project at first for both the educators and students. However, you have to wonder what it took to make such a successful institution. When I looked at architecture of the buildings, the crafts, the trophies, the tools used, and most importantly the photos; I then realized why I was so overwhelmed, I had had a piece of the past uncovered for me, in order for me to now know more about the future, my future, our future.

Brandon Greene

School

Born and raised in the harder South

Some might say with a silver spoon in my mouth

I don’t know I just had what my mother gave me

Father left at five she was the only one left to raise me

A strong black woman graduated high school at sixteen

Went to college and earned a degree from an Ivy League

First of her kind though her mother didn’t make it as far

Because when she was in school education had lowered the bar

My mother always told me to get an education

And don’t involve myself in idle recreation

She said those before me didn’t have as much

They weren’t allowed to read and a book they couldn’t touch

She told me to be grateful for the school I got to attend

Because back in the day going to school meant walking miles on end

She talked of schools with one classroom and no air

Black kids without textbooks the system wasn’t close to fair

Girls bombed in churches and beaten by forces but life is better today

We’re free to learn, free to read, and say what we want to say

One of few blacks in a sea of all white

But at least they let me learn; at least they treat me right

We’ve come a long way from those harsh days in the past

But there’s still more to do if we want this peace to last

I’m grateful to have been raised in a more accepting generation

That no longer prohibits learning and no longer allows segregation

Education shouldn’t be a privilege but a God given right

And though we’ve made progress the end is still not in sight

As long as there is color racism will always exist

However we need to learn to look past it and co-exist

Reflection on Poem

For my assignment on the Penn Center I chose to write a poem. I felt that the trip was about education for blacks in the past and the start of all black schools. Given that the Penn Center was originally a school I chose to write about education in my poem. I also chose to talk about what my mother used to tell me when I was younger and entering first grade. She and my grandmother always used to talk to me about what life was like for black children and black people before me. They always told me to be grateful for what I have and to not take my education for granted. The Penn School came before my mother was born, but I felt that her educational history and my grandmothers were relevant to the topic. My grandmother grew up in the segregation era and my mother did not; however, my mother still dealt with racism when she in school. She dealt with it by doing her best and giving her all in school. She ended up making better grades than her classmates and graduated high school at sixteen. Talking about my mother’s educational background reminded me of another reading that we read in class earlier in the semester. In that particular reading the writer dealt with his classmates the same way. Instead of being ashamed of being black he worked at his full potential and gave his all, which resulted in him receiving better grades on his exams. He received better grades than his classmates. Visiting the Penn Center and learning about its origin made me feel very privileged for the education and the freedom that I’ve been afforded. I thought the buildings were peacefully designed and efficient, but I felt the location was very rural.  I concluded my poem by talking about the lack of equality in our society and how things are much different now than how they were in the past but there is still much work to be done.

Madelyn Walker

Celebrating Freedmen of the South

In 1862 when the plantation owners fled when the union ships arrived and the slaves were left on the island on their own, they became freedmen and the Penn School was founded. This center not only became a place of formal education for previously enslaved West Africans on the island, but it became so much more – a community. Penn School may have begun as just a place to develop reading, writing and mathematics skills, but the freedmen were also taught land ownership and industrial trade, which are valuable lessons.

Devotion towards the Penn School and now the Penn Center is incredible. When it first began, volunteerism from other places was difficult because many people not from the area were not used to the conditions and were not able to resist malaria so the people that did were courageous and must have been very dedicated for taking the risk. In 1864-1865 when the school became private and required tuition, students really worked to stay at Penn School. Some sold baskets that they weaved to raise the tuition money.

“Social support may come from… community institutions,” which in this case would be the school (Billingsley 1992: 312). Lincoln Normal School was founded by a group of freedmen similar to the Penn Center, but in this case, African American men were trying to find ways to provide education for their children. The Currys were former slaves and had all of their children attend the Lincoln Normal School. At this institution, black children were encouraged to dream and become exactly who they wanted to be, which is a very experience that many black children have faced in the more modern education systems in America. Similar to the Penn School, Coretta Scott King said that teachers of the other freedmen school were extremely committed and really wanted to make a difference in these children’s lives (Billingsley 1992: 317).

Today, many African Americans are faced with those teachers that do not care as much and are not pushing them to be the best that they can possibly be. “The actions and relationships among educators [are] how these factors promote an environment of failure or success for African American students in urban [schools] (Lewis and Moore 2008: 125).

“What people make of their places is closely connected to what they make of themselves as members of society and inhabitants of the earth,” Keith Basso says in his book, Wisdom Sits in Places (Basso 1996: 54). I got this strong sense of place from how connected the people were to the Penn School and how they continue to be very devoted to not only preserving the history, but celebrating all that has been done for the freedmen of the South. Most other historically important places are preserved in ways that just turn it into a museum, but Penn Center continues to embrace all that it has done for African American education in our society.

 

Works Cited

Basso, Keith. Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache. University of New Mexico Press.

Billingsley, Andrew. 1992. “Stumbling Blocks and Stepping Stones: Traditional African-American Family Values.” pp 312-333 in Climbing Jacob’s Ladder: The Enduring Legacy of African American Families. New York, New York, Touchstone.

Lewis, C. W., & Moore III, J. L. 2008. “African American Students in K-12 Urban Educational Settings” Urban Education, 43(2): 123-126.

Rebecca Warthen

The School Boat

Swish Swish Stroke Stroke

On the way to school she goes.

Pencil in her hand and paper in her coat

Off she goes in her little row boat.

 

Out of the fields and into the house,

Little girl won’t hafta  pout or plow-

Penn school’s the ticket to a future of joy.

Penn school’s the path for our girls and boys.

 

Swish Swish Stroke Stroke

We been stuck on this island long as I know.

They put us in yoke, nearly made us choke.

They thought this island could keep us low.

 

Been made to plant, been made to sow.

Now we’re gonna seed and grow our own.

Been made to need, been made to sweat.

Now we’re gonna read and take our test.

 

Swish Swish Stroke Stroke

Penn School is gonna save our folk.

2 oars at a time she’ll forget her strife.

2 oars at a time will save her life.

 

Accompanying Statement

Our field trip to the Penn Center was eye opening for me.  Although I live in Charleston and have come into contact with many people that speak with a Gullah accent, I somehow never thought about how they came to be here and sound that way.  The presentation about the Penn Center’s beginnings and the history of St.Helena Island have permeated my life in the Lowcountry since we left.  I found the manner in which plantation slavery occurred on the sea islands to be astounding and the way the island people continued to live off of the land after their former masters had deserted them informative.  Some of my favorite things that we learned were the different varieties of crafts and industrial skills taught at Penn Normal, the way that some