The Man Without the Mustache

The scene that I chose to screenshot was when Hitler enters the theatre near the end of the film. Before this shot, Hitler himself is not actually shown on screen, and is only visually represented by others dressed as him. What I found so interesting about this was that up to this point in the film, Hitler has been referred to and defined by his “little mustache,” and yet when we finally see the actual man, his mustache is nowhere to be seen. In class, we talked about how this film asks what exactly Hitler is, and we discussed the major role that facial hair plays in that. However, the viewer does not ever get to actually see Hitler’s defining feature, so in this shot, we have to draw from everything else in the scene to define who or what Hitler is.

In this shot alone, Hitler’s power and influence is evident by all of the people in the background heiling him and focusing all of their attention on his presence in the foreground. His power is also illustrated by the use of a high angle shot, belittling all of his subordinates and highlighting the idea that he has full control over all of those who follow him. However, this camera position also belittles Hitler himself, just not as drastically as it does his followers. The camera is not immune to critiquing Hitler; it recognizes his power as well as his absurdity by placing him below the eye-line of the camera. Also, in not showing Hitler’s face, the film shows that he has more power as a symbol than just a man; the idea of him is more frightening than he himself is. Like earlier in the film when the portrait of Hitler looses its power once the director realizes that it is just Bronski dressed as him, Hitler as an anonymous symbol of his ideals is more threatening and imposing than Hitler the person. I just find this shot interesting due to the idea that the viewer now has to see Hitler not just as a “man with a mustache,” but is forced to confront the reality of what he stands for and the total control that he has over his followers.

Performers in the Position of Resistance

In this shot from Lubitsch’s To Be or Not to Be, the Polish protagonists are seen engaging in active resistance against Nazi occupation. Joseph Tura has disguised himself as SS Colonel Ehrhardt and is in the middle of finding the location of Nazi spy Professor Siletsky’s intelligence. Periodically, such as in the still above, Tura must retreat into the back of the theater where the rest of the production are standing by to give him further instructions, which he regularly needs.

This is a satirical take by Lubitsch on performers and actors. The actor playing the role of the Colonel may believe he plays his part well but struggles to perform outside of what has been given to him by the director waiting on the other side of the door. It is also important to note, however, that this gaffe does not in any way diminish the plight of the Polish people. The viewer understands the stakes of the mission they have given themselves, especially if they are found out, as well as the groups bravery for infiltrating the Nazi ranks and literally waiting on the other side of the door to assist their “agent”. The positioning of the actors behind the wall, Tura on the right with everyone else on the left, visually expresses the roles of each of these characters in that way. The scene perfectly highlights what I believe to be one of Lubitsch’s main themes: that anyone is capable of resisting tyranny and fascism, even if they are someone as unorthodox and silly as a stage actor putting on a performance.